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December 2003, Volume 2, Number 3, Pages 393-415
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| Article |
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| Institutional Embeddedness of the Balance between Internal and External Technology: A Comparison between Japanese and German Firms |
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| Martin Hemmert |
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Institute of Production and Industrial Information Management, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 9, 45141 Essen, Germany
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| Abstract |
| International differences in the balance between internal, collaborative and external technology acquisition of firms have been under intensive discussion during the last two decades. A survey of 16 leading semiconductor and pharmaceutical firms from Germany and Japan, based on data concerning the structure of R&D expenditures, a questionnaire survey and interviews with R&D department heads, reveals considerable differences between the two countries. Moreover, they are rooted in country-specific institutional surroundings which result in different motives of German and Japanese R&D managers for conducting internal, collaborative or external technology acquisition. This indicates the necessity of careful consideration of the institutional environment in which firms operate when analyzing and evaluating their strategies.
Asian Business & Management (2003) 2, 393-415. doi:10.1057/palgrave.abm.9200060 |
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| Keywords |
| technology management; innovation systems; R&D collaboration; Japan; Germany |
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