TABLE 2

FROM:

Electoral Systems and Strategic Learning in Spain and Portugal? The Use of Multilevel Models

Patrick Vander Weyden and Bart Meuleman

Table 2. Multilevel model for disproportionality — N=504

Fixed effects	Estimate	s.e.	t-value	P-value
Intercept	14.747	0.447	33.00	<0.0001
Time	-0.651	0.092	-7.07	<0.0001
log(M)	-5.467	0.913	-5.99	<0.0001
Country
Portugal	-1.667	0.730	-2.28	0.0230
ref.cat.: Spain
Time country
Time Portugal	0.447	0.199	2.24	0.0256
ref.cat.: Time Spain
Time log(m)	-0.033	0.115	-0.29	0.7748
Random effects	Estimate	s.e.	z-value	P-value
Var. random intercept ( 0 2)	12.357	2.426	5.09	<0.0001
Residual variance ( 2)	13.121	0.896	14.64	<0.0001