Table 1 Comparison of differences between subgroups in number of credits and retention rate after Year 1 between the control cohorts (combined) and intervention cohorts

	Control, N	Intervention, N	Control (mean and SD—no. of credits)	Intervention (mean and SD—no. of credits)	Performance increase (%)	Majority males	Majority females	Ethnic minority males	Ethnic minority females
Majority males	1,169	339	33.32 (20.45)	40.90 (18.14)	23	—	t=−6.75***	t=4.99***	t=3.08**
Majority females	423	123	40.77 (19.09)	42.87 (20.80)	5	t=−0.93	—	t=9.25***	t=6.99***
Ethnic minority males	259	79	26.42 (20.01)	37.95 (20.49)	44	t=1.66	t=1.66*	—	t=−0.92
Ethnic minority females	166	52	28.24 (19.78)	34.06 (22.26)	21	t=−0.93	t=1.18	t=2.11*	—

	Control, N	Intervention, N	Control retention (%)	Intervention retention (%)	Increase(%)	Majority males	Majority females	Ethnic minority males	Ethnic minority females
Majority males	1,169	339	56.5	72.9	29	—	χ²=23.37***	χ²=14.25***	χ²=8.41**
Majority females	423	123	70.0	77.2	10	χ²=0.87	—	χ²=46.52***	χ²=32.92***
Ethnic minority males	259	79	43.6	67.1	54	χ²=1.09	χ²=2.53	—	χ²=0.04
Ethnic minority females	166	52	44.6	59.6	46	χ²=3.90*	χ²=5.63*	χ²=0.76	—

*P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001.
Notes: t-tests of academic performance differences are shown in the upper part of the table (no. of credits; equal variances not assumed; all df’s are 1); and chi squares of differences in retention rate in the lower part of the table. Values and significance levels of the control cohorts comparison appear above the diagonals, comparison of intervention cohort below the diagonals. The differences in the intervention cohort between males and females, and between the majority and minority groups have become significantly smaller and are non-significant for most subgroups.

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