Skip to main content
Log in

Can unconscious–conscious processing sequences enhance ad exposure outcomes?

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of Brand Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Can the sequence in which ad exposures are generated across various ad formats enhance or inhibit communication outcomes in low-involvement situations? This study compares the effect of self-selected and forced-exposure (or intrusive) ad exposure sequences with repeated exposures of single ad formats on brand recall, brand attitude and stimulus-based inclusion in the consideration set. Analysis of experimental data shows that the sequence of self-selected ad formats that induce pre-attentive processing of ad information followed by forced-exposure ad formats that induce conscious processing, leads to superior outcomes compared with others. Prior research on priming supports the findings and implications for media planning, are addressed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bornstein, R.F. and D'Agostino, P.R. (1994) The attribution and discounting of perceptual fluency: Preliminary tests of a perceptual fluency/attributional model of the mere exposure effect. Social Cognition 12: 103–128.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cacioppo, J. and Petty, R. (1979) Effects of message repetition and position on cognitive response, recall, and persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 37: 97–109.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chatterjee, P., Hoffman, D.L. and Novak, T.P. (2003) Modeling the clickstream: Implications for web-based advertising efforts. Marketing Science 22 (4): 520–541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chattopadhyay, A. and Nedungadi, P. (1992) Does attitude toward the ad endure? The moderating effects of attention and delay. Journal of Consumer Research 19 (1): 26–33.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dahlen, M. (2001) Banner advertisements through a new lens. Journal of Advertising Research 41 : 23–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Danaher, P. and Mullarkey, G. (2003) Factors affecting online advertising recall: A study of students. Journal of Advertising Research 43 (3): 252–267.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dijkstra, M., Buijtels, H.E.J.J.M. and van Raaij, W.F. (2005) Sperate and joint effects of medium type on consumer responses: A comparison of television, print, and the internet. Journal of Business Research 58: 377–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dreze, X. and Hussherr, F. (2003) Internet advertising: Is anybody watching. Journal of Interactive Marketing 17 (4): 8–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Edell, J.A. and Keller, K.L. (1989) The information processing of coordinated media campaigns. Journal of Marketing Research 26: 149–163.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janiszewski, C. (1998) The influence of display characteristics on visual exploratory search behaviour. Journal of Consumer Research 25: 290–301.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishnan, H.S. and Chakravarti, D. (1999) Memory measures for pretesting advertisements: An integrative conceptual framework and a diagnostic template. Journal of Consumer Psychology 8: 1–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, A. and Labroo, A. (2004) The effect of conceptual and perceptual fluency on brand evaluation. Journal of Marketing Research XLI (May): 151–165.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacInnis, D., Moorman, C. and Jaworski, B.J. (1991) Enhancing and measuring consumer motivation, opportunity and ability to process brand information from ads. Journal of Marketing 55 (October): 32–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nordheilm, C. (2002) The influence of level of processing on advertising repetition effects. Journal of Consumer Research 29 (December): 371–382.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pechmann, C. and Stewart, D. (1988) Advertising repetition: A critical review of wearin and wearout. Current Issues and Research in Advertising 11: 285–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petty, R.E. and Cacioppo, J.T. (1986) The Elaboration Likelihood Model of Persuasion. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodgers, S. (2004) The effects of sponsor relevance on consumer reactions to internet sponsorships. Journal of Advertising 32 (4): 67–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, S., MacInnis, D.J. and Heckler, S.E. (1997) The effects of incidental ad exposure on the formation of consideration sets. Journal of Consumer Research 24: 94–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shavitt, S., Vargas, P. and Lowrey, P. (2004) Exploring the role of memory for self-selected ad experiences: Are some advertising media better liked than others? Psychology and Marketing 21 (12): 1011–1032.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, R.E. and Swinyard, W.R. (1982) Information response models: An Integrated approach. Journal of Marketing 46 (1): 81–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tassavoli, N.T. (1998) Language in multimedia: Interaction of spoken and written information. Journal of Consumer Research 25 (1): 26–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vakratsas, D. and Ambler, T. (1999) How advertising works: What do we really know? Journal of Marketing 63 (January): 26–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zajonc, R.B. (1968) Attitudinal effects of mere exposure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 9 (2, part 2): 1–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Patrali Chatterjee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chatterjee, P. Can unconscious–conscious processing sequences enhance ad exposure outcomes?. J Brand Manag 18, 506–515 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2011.9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/bm.2011.9

Keywords

Navigation