Notes
Reasoning from the same premises, Fisher Ames had argued few years before Paine that it was incorrect to think of representation in terms of a ‘copy’ or even an ‘image’ because the representatives did not ‘reflect’ the opinions of the delegates as if they were a mirror. ‘The representation of the people is something more than the people’ because it puts into motion something that does not exist. It is the filtering work of social interests thanks to which nobody votes ‘for their own indemnity’ or decides ‘by surprise’ or the opinion of the moment (Bailyn, 1992: vol. 1, 892).
On this rendering of democratic proceduralism, see Saffon and Urbinati (2013).
I have in mind not only McCormick’s (2011) book Machiavellian Democracy, but also his article ‘Machiavelli and Republicanism: On the Cambridge School’s “Guicciardinian Moments” ’ (McCormick, 2003).
References
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Manin, B. (1997) The Principles of Representative Government, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
McCormick, J.P. (2003) ‘Machiavelli and republicanism: On the Cambridge school’s “Guicciardinian Moments”’, Political Theory 31 (5): 615–43.
McCormick, J.P. (2011) Machiavellian Democracy, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Paine, T. (1989) ‘The Rights of Man’, in B. Kuklick (ed.) Political Writings, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Saffon, M.P. and Urbinati, N. (2013) ‘Procedural democracy: The bulwark of political equality’, Political Theory 41 (3): 441–81.
Sen, A. (2001) ‘Democracy is a Universal Value’, in L. Diamond and M.F. Platter (eds.) The Global Divergence of Democracies, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
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urbinati, n. an answer to my critics. Eur Polit Sci 14, 173–182 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1057/eps.2015.16
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/eps.2015.16