Abstract
Ever since Greece experienced its debt crisis, fiscal discussion has been “Hellenized” — that is, there are constant warnings that other countries, including the United States, are on the verge of a similar crisis. But can countries that borrow in their own currency experience Greek-type crises? I argue, based both on evidence and on simple modeling, that the answer is no.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
I am finessing a tricky issue here: the entry into the liquidity trap itself requires some kind of shock, since we do not think of the zero lower bound as binding in the steady state. The sudden stop must then be overlaid on this preexisting shock. This does not, however, change the basic insight.
References
Accominotti, O. and Barry Eichengreen, 2013, “The Mother of All Sudden Stops: Capital Flows and Reversals in Europe, 1919–1932,” Berkeley Economic History Laboratory Working Paper 2013/7.
Aghion, P., P. Bacchetta, and A. Banerjee, 2004, “A Corporate Balance-Sheet Approach to Currency Crises,” Journal of Economic Theory, Vol. 119, No. 1, pp. 6–30.
Calvo, G., A. Izquierdo, and L.-F. Mejia, 2004, “Systemic Sudden Stops: The Relevance of Balance-Sheet Effects and Financial Integration,” NBER Working Paper 14026.
Corsetti, G., 2008, “New Open Economy Macroeconomics,” in The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, Second Edition, ed. by Steven N. Durlauf, and Lawrence E. Blume.
De Grauwe, Paul, 2011, “The Management of a Fragile Eurozone,” Working Paper, CEPS, April.
Dornbusch, R., 1976, “Expectations and Exchange Rate Dynamics,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 84, No. 6, pp. 1161–76.
Eggertsson, Gauti and Paul Krugman, 2012, “Debt, Deleveraging, and the Liquidity Trap,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 127, No. 3, pp. 1469–513.
Eichengreen, B., A. Rose, and C. Wyplosz, 1995, “Exchange Market Mayhem: The Antecedents and Aftermath of Speculative Attacks,” Economic Policy, Vol. 10, No. 21, pp. 249–312.
Fleming, Marcus, 1962, “Domestic Financial Policies Under Fixed and Floating Exchange Rates,” IMF Staff Papers 9.
Flood, R. and P. Garber, 1984, “Collapsing Exchange-Rate Regimes: Some Linear Examples,” Journal of International Economics Vol. 17, No. 1–2, pp. 1–13.
Greenlaw, D., J. Hamilton, P. Hooper, and F. Mishkin, 2013, “Crunch Time: Fiscal Crises and the Role of Monetary Policy,” NBER Working Paper 19297 (August).
Hautcoeur, Pierre-Cyrille and Sicsic Pierre, 1999, “Threat of a Capital Levy, Expected Devaluation and Interest Rates in France During the Interwar Period,” European Review of Economic History, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 25–56.
Hicks, J. R., 1937, “Mr. Keynes and the Classics,” Econometrica, Vol. 5, No. 2, pp. 147–59.
Krugman, P., 1979, “A Model of Balance of Payments Crises,” Journal of Money, Credit, and Banking, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 311–25.
Krugman, P., 1998, “It’s Baaack: Japan’s Slump and the Return of the Liquidity Trap,” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity.
Krugman, P., 1999, “Balance Sheets, the Transfer Problem, and Financial Crises,” International Tax and Public Finance, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 459–72.
Krugman, P., 2013, PPP and Japanese Inflation Expectations. Available via the Internet: krugman. blogs.nytimes.com.
Mandel, Benjamin and G. Barnes, 2013, Japanese Inflation Expectations, Revisited. Available via the Internet: libertystreeteconomics.nyfed.org.
Obstfeld, M., 1994, “The Logic of Currency Crises,” Cahiers economiques et monetaires, No. 43, pp. 189–213.
Obstfeld, M. and K. Rogoff, 1995, “Exchange Rate Dynamics Redux,” Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 103, 624–60.
Rogoff, Kenneth, 2013, “Three Wrongs Don’t Make a Right,” Financial Times A-list blog, October 7.
Rogers, James Harvey, 1929, The Process of Inflation in France, 1914–27 (New York: Columbia University Press).
Romer, David, 2013, “Short-Run Fluctuations,” unpublished, Berkeley.
Additional information
*Paul Krugman is Professor of Economics and International Affairs at Princeton University.