^aDepartment of Politics, University of Exeter, Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter, Devon EX4 4RJ, UK. E-mail: t.j.dunne@exeter.ac.uk

¹Participating in two workshops on the thematic of legitimacy crises was a very enriching experience: many thanks to Ian Clark and Christian Reus-Smit for organising the project and to the British Academy for funding it. In addition to the guidance of the editors, I received extremely valuable comments from two anonymous referees and all the other workshop presenters (in particular Ian Clark and Ian Hurd). David Armstrong, Ken Booth, Rosemary Foot, and Nick Wheeler provided advice and guidance. The usual caveats apply.

Abstract

Is there a crisis of legitimacy in relation to fundamental human rights commitments? At one level, the human rights regime has endured legitimacy problems from the outset, in part due to the scope and complexity of the standards but also as a result of the unwillingness of states to regard human rights norms as properly binding. I argue that September 11 and the responses this event triggered in the foreign policies of leading states in international society have taken the challenge to the regime to a new level. What makes it a crisis of legitimacy is the fact that those were crucial to the emergence of the regime, and the rights that are under siege are core 'rights of the person' and not aspirational rights. The closing discussion examines the possibility for a restoration of legitimacy. Consistent with the earlier theoretical discussion, the question of whether and how the legitimacy crisis can be resolved requires a differential response, depending on the site of the crisis, and the location of the audience. The concepts of international and world society provide analytical leverage in identifying both the causes of the crisis and the prospects for its resolution.