1. ¹University of Reading, UK
2. ²Rutgers University, USA
3. ³Centre for International Business and Management (CIBAM), Judge Business School, University of Cambridge, UK

Correspondence: John H Dunning, Professor Emeritus, University of Reading and Rutgers University, Holly Dell, Satwell Close, Rotherfield Greys, Henley on Thames RG9 4QT, UK. Tel: +44 (0)1491 628602; Fax: +44 (0)1491 628902; E-mail: jill.mturner@virgin.net

Received 14 September 2004; Revised 28 March 2007; Accepted 24 June 2007; Published online 1 November 2007.

Abstract

We assess Stephen Hymer's contribution to the theory of the multinational enterprise and to international business (IB) scholarship. We focus on Hymer's evolving analytical framework, and assess it in terms of its internal consistency and in the light of the shifting global landscape and scholarly thinking. We also extend Hymer's framework, revisit his predictions, and conclude by questioning his canonical status within the IB profession.