Notes
From a comparative perspective alongside the internet focus of the Association of internet Research, see, for example, guidelines from the UK Economic and Social Research Council at http://www.esrc.ac.uk/about-esrc/information/research-ethics.aspx; the Social Research Association; http://the-sra.org.uk/sra_resources/research-ethics/ethics-guidelines/ and UK Government Social Research Unit; http://www.civilservice.gov.uk/networks/gsr/publications. See also Ó Dochartaigh (2009), Gaiser and Schreiner (2009), Franklin (2012: 123 passim, 151–157, 280–282).
See the Wikipedia entry on Real Life; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_life.
These two cyber-marketing neologisms combine producer and user in the first instance, and, in the second, producer and consumer in order to capture the way in which we use internet technologies – and they use us – blurs these distinctions.
This refers to the oft-cited caption of a cartoon appearing in The New Yorker in 1993, when the internet was young, by Peter Steiner; ‘On the internet, nobody knows you’re a dog’ (The New Yorker 1993, Vol 69 (LXIX) no. 20: 61); see Peter Steiner's website; http://www.plsteiner.com/.
Whether or not one would argue that the internet is a fundamental right per se (see Cerf 2012).
In line with Schultze and Mason, N. Kathryn Hayles defines virtuality as ‘the cultural perception that material objects are interpenetrated by information patterns’. Hayles’ (1999: 12, 13–14) conceptualization resonates with the distinction Schultze and Mason make between a ‘disembodied and entangled view of the internet’ [MS: Abstract] in that she maintains that there is a ‘duality at the heart of the condition of virtuality – materiality on the one hand, information on the other’.
References
Cerf, V. (2012). Internet access is not a human right, New York Times, 4 January, [www document], http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/05/opinion/internet-access-is-not-a-human-right.html?_r=1.
Franklin, M.I. (2002). Reading Walter Benjamin and Donna Haraway in the Age of Digital Reproduction, Information, Communication and Society 5 (4): 591–624.
Franklin, M.I. (2004). Postcolonial Politics, the Internet and Everyday Life: Pacific Travels Online, London/New York: Routledge.
Franklin, M.I. (2011). Decolonising the Future: Not to go where Cyborgs have gone before?, in N.W. van Hoorn, P. Waters and P. Wisse (eds.) Interoperabel Nederland, Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs Den Haag: The Netherlands, pp. 4–22 [www document], http://www.forumstandaardisatie.nl/fileadmin/os/publicaties/01.1_Franklin.pdf.
Franklin, M.I. (2012). Understanding Research: Coping with the Quantitative–Qualitative Divide, London/New York: Routledge.
Gaiser, T.J. and Schreiner, A.E. (2009). A Guide to Conducting Online Research, London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Haraway, D.J. (1990). A Manifesto for Cyborgs: Science, Technology, and Socialist Feminism in the 1980's, in L. Nicholson (ed.) Feminism/Postmodernism, New York/London: Routledge, pp. 190–233.
Hayles, N.K. (1999). How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature and Informatics, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Holmes, B. (2007). Future map or how the Cyborgs learned to stop worrying and learned to love surveillance, [WWW document], http://brianholmes.wordpress.com/2007/09/09/future-map/, (accessed 8 October 2012).
Latour, B. (2007). Beware, your imagination leaves digital traces, Times Higher Literary Supplement, 6 April, [WWW document], http://docs.google.com/View?docid=ad6vvc428w8_103gzv2fdgf, (accessed 8 October 2012).
Lovink, G. (2012). Networks without a Cause: A Critique of Social Media, Oxford, UK: Polity Press.
Michel de, C. (1986). Heterologies: Discourse on the Other, Translated by B. Massumi, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Ó Dochartaigh, N. (2009). How to do your Literature Search and Find Research Information Online, 2nd edn, London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications.
Quintas, P. (1996). Software by Design, in R. Mansell and R. Silverstone (eds.) Communication by Design: The Politics of Information and Communication Technologies, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 75–102.
Rosen, J. (2012). The Right To Be Forgotten, Stanford Law Review, 13 February, 64, Online 88, [WWW document], http://www.stanfordlawreview.org/online/privacy-paradox/right-to-be-forgotten, (accessed 8 October 2012).
Scholte, J-A. (2000). Globalization: A Critical Introduction, New York: St Martins Press.
Schultze and Mason (2012). Studying cyborgs: Re-examining internet studies as human subjects research. Journal of Information Technology 27 (4): 301–312.
Social Research Association (2003). Ethical Guidelines, [WWW document], http://the-sra.org.uk/sra_resources/research-ethics/ethics-guidelines/, (accessed 8 October 2012).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Franklin, M. Being human and the internet: against dichotomies. J Inf Technol 27, 315–318 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1057/jit.2012.29
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/jit.2012.29