TABLE 1
FROM:
Strategic alliances and competitive performance in the pharmaceutical industry
Francisco Rocha Gonçalves and Vítor da Conceição Gonçalves
BACK TO ARTICLETable 1. Measures
| Dimension | Latent variables | Measure type | Indicators | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Financial performance | Financial performance (PRF) | Ratio measure | Profitability: net profit divided by sales volume in year 2004 | Coface |
| Market position | Market share (MSH) | Ratio measure | Firms' sales in retail drug markets divided by total sales of all firms | IMS |
| Growth (GRW) | Ratio measure | Sales in 2004 minus sales in 2000 | IMS | |
| Alliances | Alliance portfolio (ALI) | Latent formative construct (index) | Built from counting alliances of four categories: R&D alliances settled prior to 2001, and after; Marketing alliances settled prior to 2001, and after | Survey |
| Alliance management capability | Alliance management capability | Second-order latent formative construct (first-order components are explained below). | Built from the scores of three components, identified by Lambe, Spekman and Hunt (2002): experience, managers' skills and proactivity | Survey |
| Experience with previous alliances | Latent reflexive construct, derived from perceptual measures | Three indicators measured using a Likert scale, ranging between 1 and 7 | Survey | |
| Managers' skills at managing alliances | Latent reflexive construct, derived from perceptual measures | Three indicators measured using a Likert scale, ranging between 1 and 7 | Survey | |
| Proactivity towards new alliances | Latent reflexive construct, derived from perceptual measures | Three indicators measured using a Likert scale, ranging between 1 and 7 | Survey | |
| Innovation | Portfolio reconFigure (with innovative drugs) between 2001 and 2004 (RCI) | Latent reflexive construct | Two indicators: increased weight of innovative drugs in firms' portfolios; count of new innovative products | IMS; FDA |
| Portfolio reconfig. (with generic drugs) between 2001 and 2004 (RCG) | Latent reflexive construct | Two indicators: increased weight of generic drugs in firms' portfolios; count of new generic products | IMS; Infarmed |