Skip to main content
Log in

Happy Hours and Other Alcohol Discounts in Cafés: Prevalence and Effects on Underage Adolescents

  • Article
  • Published:
Journal of Public Health Policy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Adolescents' alcohol-related attitudes and behaviors may be affected by marketing efforts of the alcohol industry, retailers, and the catering industry. Most research has focused on the effects of commercials and media exposure. This article investigates another aspect of alcohol marketing in the Netherlands: the use of alcohol discounts by cafés. The prevalence of alcohol discounts was studied using unobtrusive café observations and website content analysis. It is estimated that 39% of the cafés offer some kind of cash discount for alcoholic beverages. The effects of alcohol discounts were investigated in a survey among adolescents (14–17 years old, N=409). Adolescents reported using alcohol discounts eight times a year, and consuming more alcohol when discounts were offered. Alcohol discounts, however, do not attract adolescents to visit particular cafés and/or to spend more money when going out. No differences were found between minors (16–17 years) and underage adolescents (14–15 years).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • NIAAA. The effects of alcohol on physiological processes and biological development. Alcohol Res Health. 2004/2005;28:125–131.

  • NIAAA. Genetics, pharmacokinetics, and neurobiology of adolescent alcohol use. Alcohol Res Health. 2004/2005;28:133–142.

  • Bonomo YA, Bowes G, Coffey C, Carlin JB, Patton GC . Teenage drinking and the onset of alcohol dependence: a cohort study over seven years. Addiction. 2004;99:1520–1528.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wells JE, Horwood LJ, Fergusson BM . Drinking patterns in mid-adolescence and outcomes in late adolescence and early adulthood. Addiction. 2004;99:1529–1541.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van de Pol M, Duijser E . Meting alcoholgebruik jongeren. Onderzoek onder Nederlandse jongeren 10 t/m 15 jaar. [Measurement of Adolescent Alcohol Use. Investigation Among Dutch Adolescents Between 10 and 15 Years Old]. Amsterdam: NIPO; 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Monshouwer K, Van Dorsselaer S, Gorter A, Verdurmen J, Vollebergh W . Jeugd en riskant gedrag. Kerngegevens uit het peilstationsonderzoek 2003. [Youth and Risky Behavior: Core Figures from Monitoring Study 2003]. Utrecht: Trimbos Institute; 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson MC, Hastings G, Wheeler C, Eadiel D, Mackintosh AM . Marketing alcohol to young people: implications for industry regulation and research policy. Addiction. 2000;95:S597–S608.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hastings G, Anderson S, Cooke E, Gordon R . Alcohol marketing and young people's drinking: a review of the research. J Public Health Policy. 2005;26:296–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casswell S . Alcohol brands in young peoples' everyday lives: new developments in marketing. Alcohol Alcoholism. 2004;39:471–476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richter L, Vaughan RD, Foster SE . Public attitudes about underage drinking policies: results from a national survey. J Public Health Policy. 2004;25:58–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gosselt J, Van Hoof J, De Jong M . Alcohol en jongeren in Zuidoost-Brabant. Nulmeting nalevingsonderzoek en draagvlakonderzoek. [Alcohol and Youth in Zuidoost-Brabant: A Baseline Compliance and Policy Support Study]. Enschede: University of Twente; 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gosselt JF, Van Hoof JJ, De Jong MDT, Prinsen S . Mystery shopping and alcohol sales: do supermarkets and liquor stores sell alcohol to underage customers? J Adolesc Health. 2007;41:302–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toomey TL, Wagenaar AC . Policy options for prevention: the case of alcohol. J Public Health Policy. 1999;20:192–213.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jernigan DH, Ostroff J, Ross C . Alcohol advertising and youth: a measured approach. J Public Health Policy. 2005;26:312–325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Casswell S, Maxwell A . Regulation of alcohol marketing: a global view. J Public Health Policy. 2005;26:343–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grossman M, Chaloupka FJ, Saffer H, Laixuthai A . Effects of alcohol price policy on youth: a summary of economic research. J Res Adolesc. 1994;4:357–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Christie J, Fisher D, Kozup JC, Smith S, Burton S, Creyer EH . The effects of bar-sponsored alcohol beverage promotions across binge and nonbinge drinkers. J Public Policy Marketing. 2001;20:240–253.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuo M, Wechsler H, Greenberg P, Lee H . The marketing of alcohol to college students: the role of low prices and special promotions. Am J Prev Med. 2003;25:204–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • STIVA. The Advertising Code for Alcoholic Beverages with Guidelines. Den Haag: Stiva; 2006.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Joris van Hoof.

Additional information

Discounts are used to promote alcohol sales to adolescents in the Netherlands, affecting both attitudes and consumption.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

van Hoof, J., van Noordenburg, M. & de Jong, M. Happy Hours and Other Alcohol Discounts in Cafés: Prevalence and Effects on Underage Adolescents. J Public Health Pol 29, 340–352 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2008.2

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2008.2

Keywords

Navigation