FIGURES AND TABLES

Figure 1.

Variations of predominant channel structures in global shipping and ports.

Figure 2.

Diagram of conventional SEM process (from Kaplan, 2000).

Figure 3.

Research model.

Figure 4.

Structural model. Where is the vector relating to exogenous latent variables, the vector relating to endogenous latent variables, x the vector relating to manifest variables of exogenous latent variables , y the vector relating to manifest variables of endogenous latent variables , the vector of measurement error of x, the vector of measurement error of y, the parameter of directional relation between a latent variable and its indicators, the vector of errors in the equations (disturbance terms) corresponding to endogenous latent variables , the parameter of directional relation between two endogenous latent variables, the parameter of directional relation between an endogenous and exogenous latent variable, the parameter of non-directional relation (covariance) between two latent variables, the (m n) matrix of structural coefficients between exogenous latent variables and endogenous latent variables, Â the (m n) matrix of structural coefficients between endogenous latent variables, the (n n) matrix of variances and co-variances between exogenous latent variables, the (m 1) matrix of residual variances and co-variances of the endogenous latent variables, _x the (p m) matrix of factor loading for the x variables, _y the (q n) matrix of factor loading for the y variables, the (p p) matrix of measurement error variances and co-variances of the x variables, the (q q) matrix of measurement error variances and co-variances of the y variables, the (q p) matrix of measurement error co-variances between the x variables and the y variables, m the number of endogenous latent variables , n the number of exogenous latent variables , p the number of the x variables, q the number of the y variables.

Figure 5.

Results of the causal model.

Table 1 - Research hypotheses.

Table 2 - Profile classification of and response rates of participants in the sample.

Table 3 - Items overview and statistical measures.