TABLE 3
FROM:
Shipping, Policy and Multi-Level Governance
Michael Roe
BACK TO ARTICLETable 3. Types of multi-level governance in shipping: examples from the European Union
| Actor | Representing | Type | Activity |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commission of the European Union, DG for Transport and Energy | Non-elected government executive. Non-nationals. Specialist policy-makers and technical experts | Supranational government executive | Member states make up the executive, but its prime function is to achieve EU supranational policy. Focus for reconciling international, national and supranational ambitions but also implementation at regional and local level. Sits as representatives/observers on international bodies, eg UN IMO |
| European Community Shipowners' Association | Shipowners | Pressure group | Ship-owning company lobbyists but members of ECSA are the national organisations who send representatives from the industry. Advises EU in policy at all jurisdictions |
| Member State Ministry responsible for shipping | Non-elected government executive. National representation and lobbying. Specialist policy-makers and technical experts | National government executive | National representatives making policies for the member state. Representing national individuals/companies, etc views. Link to EU. Sits as reps on EU and international bodies |
