Skip to main content
Log in

Identifying schools at risk of fire-setting

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Security Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

School fires have become a cause of concern in Sweden in recent years. The fire brigades assess that the majority of these fires are intentionally ignited. This research seeks to identify categories of schools at elevated risk of fire-setting by matching data on school fires from the Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency with data on schools from the Swedish National Agency for Education and calculating fire rates. The results indicate that schools which include senior level pupils, larger sized schools, schools organized by a public provider and schools located in bigger cities experience significantly higher rates of fire-setting. The risk of fire-setting is unevenly distributed across school categories in Sweden and knowledge on the relative proneness would help school and fire officials to set more informed priorities in their safety work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Andersson, H. (1995) Arson in Sweden: Its extent, motives and contributory factors. Dissertation, Stockholm University (in Swedish with English abstract).

  • Arson Control Forum. (2006) Survey of school fires, Communities and Local Government, Research Bulletin 10.

  • Arson Prevention Bureau. (2002) School Arson: Education under Threat. Association of British Insurers.

  • Astor, R.A., Benbenishty, R. and Meyer, H.A. (2004) Monitoring and mapping student victimization in schools. Theory into Practice 43(1): 39–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blomqvist, P. and Johansson, H. (2009) Fire statistics – What do we know about arson? SP Rapport 2008:48, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Borås, Sweden (In Swedish with English summary).

  • Cotterall, A., McPhee, B. and Plecas, D. (1999) Fireplay report: A survey of school-aged youth in grades 1 to 12. Surrey, British Colombia: University College of the Fraser Valley.

  • Gottfredson, D.C. (2001) Schools and Delinquency. New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottfredson, D.C. and DiPietro, S.M. (2011) School size, social capital, and student victimization. Sociology of Education 84(1): 69–89.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gottfredson, G.D., Gottfredson, D.C., Payne, A.A. and Gottfredson, N.C. (2005) School climate predictors of school disorder: Results from a national study of delinquency prevention in schools. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 42(4): 412–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grolnick, W.S., Cole, R.E., Laurenitis, L. and Schwartzman, P.I. (1990) Playing with fire: A developmental assessment of children’s fire understanding and experience. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 19(2): 128–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, N. and Van Hees, P. (2012) A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Fire Protection Systems Designed to Protect Against Exterior Arson Fires in Schools, 9th International Conference on Performance-Based Codes and Fire Safety Design Methods, Hong Kong: Society of Fire Protection Engineers, p. 12.

  • Johansson, N., Van Hees, P., Simonson McNamee, M., Strömgren, M. and Jansson, R. (2013) Façade Fires in Swedish School Buildings, 1st International Seminar for Fire Safety of Facades in MATEC Web of Conferences 9, EDP Sciences.

  • Klein, J.J., Mondozzi, M.A. and Andrews, D.A. (2008) The need for a juvenile fire setting database. Journal of Burn Care and Research 29(6): 955–958.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leihbacher, D. (2006) Addressing the growing problem of juvenile fire setting. Fire Engineering 159(1): 69–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCarty, C.A. and McMahon, R.J. (2005) Domains of risk in the developmental continuity of fire setting. Behavior Therapy 36(2): 185–195.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McIntyre, C. and Lundqvist, M. (2009) Fatal fires 2008 (in Swedish), Karlstad: Swedish Civil Contingency Agency.

  • Murray, R.K. and Swatt, M.L. (2013) Disaggregating the relationship between schools and crime: A spatial analysis. Crime & Delinquency 59(2): 163–190.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oregon Office of State Fire Marshal. (2002) Juveniles with Fire in Oregon 2001, Office of State Fire Marshal’s Juvenile Firesetter Intervention Program’s Annual report, Salem, OR.

  • Oregon Office of State Fire Marshal. (2003) Juveniles with Fire in Oregon During 2002, Hot Issues, Salem, OR.

  • Oregon Office of State Fire Marshal. (2009) Juveniles and Fire in Oregon 2009, Office of State Fire Marshal’s Juvenile Firesetter Intervention Program’s Annual Report, Salem, OR.

  • Payne, A.A. (2008) A multilevel analysis of the relationships among communal school organization, student bonding, and delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 45(4): 429–455.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robers, S., Kemp, J. and Truman, J. (2013) Indicators of School Crime and Safety: 2012 (NCES 2013-036/NCJ 241446). National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education, and Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Washington DC.

  • Snyder, H.N. (1999) Juvenile Arson 1997, U.S Department of Justice, Fact sheet Feb 1999#91.

  • Swedish Civil Contingency Agency. (2013) IDA-Indicators, Data, Analysis [Home page of Swedish Civil Contingency Agency], http://ida.msb.se (in Swedish), accessed 17 September 2013.

  • Terjestam, P.Y. and Rydén, O. (1996) Fire-Settings as Normal Behavior: Frequencies and Patterns of Change in the Behavior of 7–16 Year Old Children. Karlstad, Sweden: Swedish Rescue Services Agency. Research report (P21-147/96).

  • U.S. Fire Administration. (2001 [rev 2002]) School fires, Topical Fire Research Series Vol. 2. Issue 9, Emmitsburg, MD: U.S Department of Homeland Security.

  • U.S. Fire Administration. (2004) School fires, Topical Fire Research Series Vol. 4. Issue 6, Emmitsburg, MD: U.S Department of Homeland Security.

  • U.S. Fire Administration. (2007) School fires, Topical Fire Research Series Vol. 8. Issue 1.

  • Wade, P., Teeman, D., Wilson, R. and Woodley, V. (2007) The Impact of School Fires: A Study of the Wider Economic and Social Impacts on Schools and the Local Community. Slough, UK: NFER.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wynne, S.L. and Joo, H.-J. (2011) Predictors of school victimization: Individual, familial, and school factors. Crime & Delinquency 57(3): 458–488.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This study was made possible through collaboration with the Swedish National Agency for Education. We would like to thank Sven Sundin, Swedish National Agency for Education, for his contributions and Colin McIntyre, Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, for providing language help and proof reading the article. We would also like to thank Bjorn Andersson, Swedish Civil Contingencies Agency, for his contributions. Unfortunately Bjorn passed away before this article was finished.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Jonsson, A., Lundqvist, M., Gell, T. et al. Identifying schools at risk of fire-setting. Secur J 30, 153–161 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1057/sj.2014.40

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/sj.2014.40

Keywords

Navigation