Abstract
This article examines how immigration controls and practices work with (and against) migratory processes and migrant subjectivities to help produce types of labour with particular relations to employers, and types of resident with particular relations to citizens. It considers the social and legal construction of the figure of the migrant, and taking the case of au pair and domestic worker visa holders, examines how and why it is that despite these two groups doing the same kinds of tasks, the ways in which these tasks are imagined, and the relationships produced, are often very different. It illustrates how immigration controls, social and historical conditions, and life stages and subjectivities help explain the different experiences of different visa holders, and shape the possibilities for collective action.
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
Au pair visas in the United Kingdom were only issued to women up until 1993.
References
ACAS. (2009) Report of an Inquiry into the Circumstances Surrounding the Lindsey Oil Refinery Dispute. London: ACAS.
Anderson, B. (2007) A very private business: Exploring the demand for migrant domestic workers. European Journal of Women's Studies 14 (3): 247–264.
Anderson, B. (forthcoming) Mobilising migrants making citizens: Migrant domestic workers as political agents. Ethnic and Racial Studies.
Anderson, B. and Ruhs, M. (forthcoming) A Need for Migrant Labour?. Oxford: Oxford University Press, (in press).
Anderson, B., Ruhs, M., Rogaly, B. and Spencer, S. (2006) Fair Enough? Central and East European Migrants in Low-wage Employment in the UK. London: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
Brace, L. (2007) The Politics of Property. Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press.
Búriková, Z. (2006) The embarrassment of co-presence: Au pairs and their rooms. Home Cultures 3: 99–122.
Cabinet Office. (2007) Security in a Global Hub: Establishing the UK's New Border Arrangements. London: HMSO.
Cooper, S.M. (2004) From family member to employee: Aspects of continuity and discontinuity in English domestic service 1600-2000. In: A. Fauve-Chamoux (ed.) Domestic Service and the Formation of European Identity: Understanding the Globalization of Domestic Work, 16th–21st Centuries. Bern, Switzerland: Peter Lang.
Cox, R. (2006) The Servant Problem: Domestic Employment in a Global Economy. London: I.B. Tauris.
De Genova, N. (2002) Migrant ‘illegality’ and deportability in everyday life. Annual Review of Anthropology 31: 469–496.
Federici, S. (2004) Caliban and the Witch: Women, the Body and Primitive Accumulation. New York: Autonomedia.
Gordon, J. and Lenhardt, R.A. (2008) Rethinking work and citizenship. UCLA Law Review 55: 1161–1238.
Hampshire, J. (2008) Regulating Migration Risks: The Emergence of Risk-based Border Controls in the UK. London Migration Research Group, School of Oriental and African Studies.
Hardt, M. and Negri, A. (2000) Empire. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Home Office. (2007) Enforcing the Rules: A Strategy to Ensure and Enforce Compliance with Our Immigration Laws, London: HMSO.
Hondagneu-Sotelo, P. (2001) Domestica: Immigrant Workers Cleaning and Caring in the Shadows of Affluence. Berkeley, CA, London: University of California Press.
House of Lords. (2008) The Economic Impact of Immigration. London.
Immigration Directorate's Instructions (IDI). (2004). http://www.ukba.homeoffice.gov.uk/policyandlaw/guidance/IDIS/.
Kofman, E., Sales, R. and Phizacklea, A. (2000) Gender and International Migration in Europe. London: Routledge.
Linebaugh, P. and Rediker, M. (2000) The Many-headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic. London: Verso.
McClintock, A. (1995) Imperial Leather: Race, Gender and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest. London: Routledge.
Migration Advisory Committee. (ed.) (2008) Skilled, Shortage, Sensible: The Recommended Shortage Occupation Lists for the UK and Scotland. London: Central Office of Information.
Moulier Boutang, Y. (1997) De l’esclavage au salariat. Economie historique du salariat bridé. Paris, France: Presses Universitaires de France.
Oxford Mail. (2008) Aunt ordered out of UK, 10 December.
Papadopoulos, D., Stephenson, N. and Tsianos, V. (2008) Escape Routes: Control and Subversion in the 21st Century. London: Pluto Press.
Rancière, J. (2004) Who is the subject of the rights of man? South Atlantic Quarterly 103: 297–310.
Sharma, N. (2006) Home Economics: Nationalism and the Making of ‘Migrant Workers’ in Canada. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press.
Stenum, H. (2009) Workers not slaves: The management of temporary Filipino au pair migration in Denmark. Gender, Mobility and Citizenship, (May): 28–30.
Wittenburg, V. (2008) The New Bonded Labour? The Impact of Proposed Changes to the UK Immigration System on Migrant Domestic Workers. London: Kalayaan and Oxfam.
Acknowledgements
I am thankful to Lourdes Gordolan, research assistant and interviewer in COMPAS project Filipino Careworkers and to Martin Ruhs, Ben Rogaly and Sarah Spencer for their permission to use data from the COMPAS research project Changing status, Changing lives? The socio-economic impact of EU Enlargement on low-wage migrant workers in the UK (funded by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation and the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC)). I am grateful to Jenny Newman, Ben Rogaly, the article reviewers, my co-editor, Rutvica Andrijasevic and the Subjectivity editorial board, for their helpful comments on previous drafts of this article.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Anderson, B. What's in a name? Immigration controls and subjectivities: The case of au pairs and domestic worker visa holders in the UK. Subjectivity 29, 407–424 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1057/sub.2009.24
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/sub.2009.24